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Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment

 

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Neisseria meningitidis

Haemophilus influenzae

Group A Streptococcus

Group B Streptococcus

Streptococcus pneumoniae

 

ABCs - Streptococcus pneumoniae

Invasive disease caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) frequently manifests as bacteremia (bloodstream infections), pneumonia or meningitis. Persons at highest risk include children under two years of age, the elderly, and those with underlying medical conditions.  Among healthy adults, cigarette smoking has been established to be an important risk factor for invasive pneumococcal disease.  A recently licensed (February 2000) conjugate vaccine is effective in preventing invasive pneumococcal disease in infants and young children.   An older polysaccharide vaccine is available to prevent invasive disease in older adults/adults with underlying medical conditions. Antibiotic resistance has become an increasing problem among isolates of S. pneumoniae.  Surveillance for invasive pneumococcal disease provides an assessment of rates and risk factors, monitoring of antibiotic resistance, and evaluation of pneumococcal vaccine effectiveness.

View more information on Streptococcus pneumoniae

Review the Methods and Case Definitions for the EIP ABCs Project

 

Streptococcus pneumoniae in Colorado

Streptococcus pneumoniae on the Web

Special Projects

  • Case-Control Study - The effectiveness of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in children.

    January 2001 - December 2003

    Objectives: To measure the effectiveness of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine against invasive disease among children 3 to 59 months old, including age group and serotype specific effectiveness. Also, to assess crossover effectiveness for non-covered serotypes and evaluate possible risk factors for invasive disease.

  • Comparison of local and reference lab susceptibility testing results for Streptococcus pneumoniae. 

    January - July 2001

    Objectives: To compare local clinical laboratory minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) results from within the surveillance area to the results obtained from a gold standard reference laboratory for the same isolates from within that surveillance area, quantify the frequency and magnitude of discrepancies, and to identify characteristics of laboratories whose results are more likely to compare well with reference laboratory results.

 

Graph - This image depicts the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease by age group for the Colorado emerging infections program surveillance area for the year two thousand. The rate for children one or younger is one hundred and eighteen cases per hundred thousand. This decreases to a rate of thirty cases per hundred thousand for the two to four year age group and declines even further to almost zero at the fifteen to twenty-four year age group. The rate then steadily increases across the older age groups up to nineteen cases per hundred thousand for persons fifty to sixty-four. The final jump in rate goes up to fifty cases per hundred thousand for persons sixty-five and older. These rates are annualized based on July through December data for the year 2000.

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